Work Measuring Techniques Methods Types

Work Measurement Techniques

Image depicts unlike work measurement techniques, methods or types.

Work mensuration techniques are listed below:

1. Historical information method - It uses the past times functioning information to laid functioning standards.
2. Time report - It uses terminate spotter together with is best suited for short-cycle repetitive jobs.
3. Work sampling - Here, workers are observed many times at random.
4. Synthesis method - Here, the sum labor is divided into chemical gene or parts.
5. Predetermined motility fourth dimension organisation (PMTS) - Here, normally, iii times are fixed for i labor namely; normal, fast, together with very-fast.
6. Analytical estimating - It is used for fixing the criterion fourth dimension for jobs, which are real long together with repetitive.

Now let’s utter over to a greater extent than to a higher house techniques of move measurement.

1. Historical information method

Historical information method uses the past-performance data. Here, past times functioning is used every bit a guideline for setting move functioning standards. The master copy wages of this technique is that it is uncomplicated to understand, quicker to gauge together with easier to implement. However, past times functioning is non the best footing for fixing functioning standards. This is because at that spot may hold upwards many changes inwards technology, employees’ behavior, abilities, etc.

2. Time study

Time report alongside the assist of a terminate spotter is the most commonly used move mensuration method. This technique was developed past times Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856-1915).

Time report is best suited for short-cycle repetitive jobs. Most of the production jobs tin hold upwards easily timed past times a time-study.

Time report physical care for consists of the next steps:

1. Select the labor to hold upwards timed.
2. Standardize the method of doing the job.
3. Select the worker to hold upwards studied.
4. Record the necessary details of the labor together with weather of work.
5. Divide the labor into elements. Here, ’element’ is a role of the job.
6. Find out the fourth dimension taken to produce every unmarried element.
7. Keep provisions for relaxation, etc.
8. Fix the criterion fourth dimension for doing the job.

3. Work sampling

Work sampling method was original developed past times Leonard Henry Caleb Tippett (1902-1985) inwards United Kingdom of Great Britain together with Northern Ireland inwards 1934. In this technique, the workers are observed many times at random. It is done to let on out for how much fourth dimension the worker is genuinely on the job. It checks how long he is working together with how much fourth dimension he is non working (idle time).

Work sampling method does non involve terminate spotter measurement. The role of move sampling technique is to gauge what proportion of a worker’s fourth dimension is devoted to work-related activities.

Work sampling method involves next iii master copy steps:

1. Deciding what activities are defined every bit ’working’. Non-working are those activities which are non defined every bit working.
2. Observe the worker at selected intervals together with tape (write down) whether he is working or not.
3. Calculate the percentage of fourth dimension (P), a worker is working.

A percentage of fourth dimension (P) a worker is working equals to ’Number of observations during which working occurred’ divided past times ’Total Number of observations.’

The to a higher house calculation is used every bit a functioning standard.

To know more, read advantages together with disadvantages of move sampling.

4. Synthesis method

In synthesis method, the sum labor is get-go divided into elements (parts). Then the fourth dimension taken to produce each chemical gene of the labor is institute out together with synthesized (totaled). This gives the sum fourth dimension taken for doing the sum job. In this technique, the fourth dimension taken to produce each chemical gene of the labor is institute out from previous fourth dimension studies. So, this technique gives importance to past-time studies of similar jobs. It besides uses criterion data.

Standard-data is the normal fourth dimension taken for doing routine jobs. Standard information is easily available for routine-jobs similar plumbing fixtures screws, drilling holes, etc. So at that spot is no demand of calculating these times repeatedly. Most companies utilisation Standard-data. They produce non waste materials fourth dimension doing studies for all elements of the job. This is because criterion fourth dimension is already available for most elements of a job.

For example, a labor of publishing a majority contains 4 elements viz; typing, editing, printing together with binding. The fourth dimension taken for doing each chemical gene is get-go institute out. Suppose, typing takes twoscore days, editing takes xxx days; printing takes xx days together with binding takes 10 days. Then the fourth dimension taken to produce all the elements are totaled. That is, it takes twoscore + xxx + xx + 10 = 100 days to release a book. This information is taken from previous fourth dimension studies of other printing jobs or from the criterion data.

Synthesis technique besides considers the degree of performance. Level of functioning refers to the speed of performance, which is either, normal, fast, or very-fast.

The benefits or advantages of synthesis method:

1. It provides reliable information almost criterion fourth dimension for doing unlike jobs. This is because it is based on many past times fourth dimension studies.
2. It is economical because at that spot is no demand to deport novel fourth dimension studies.

5. Predetermined motility fourth dimension system

In ’Predetermined Motion Time System’ method or precisely PMTS technique, the normal times are fixed for basic human motions. These fourth dimension values are used to ready the fourth dimension required for doing a job. Normally, iii times are fixed for i job. That is, i fourth dimension is fixed for each degree of performance. The degree of functioning may hold upwards normal, fast together with very-fast.

PTMS is improve than motility studies because it gives the detailed analysis of the motion, together with it fixes the criterion fourth dimension for doing that motion.

PTMS technique is used by together with large for jobs, which are planned for future. However, it tin besides hold upwards used for electrical flow jobs every bit an option to fourth dimension study.

The benefits or advantages of PMTS method:

1. It is a real accurate method. It avoids subjective sentence or bias of rater.
2. It is an effective together with economical method for repetitive jobs of brusk duration.
3. There is no interference inwards the normal move routine, together with hence it does non facial expression upwards whatever resistance from the employees.
4. It helps to improve the move methods because it gives a detailed analysis of the motions.
5. It is to a greater extent than economical together with fast compared to normal fourth dimension studies.

6. Analytical estimating

Analytical estimating method or technique is used for fixing the criterion fourth dimension for jobs, which are real long together with repetitive. The standard-time is fixed past times using standard-data. However, if criterion information is non available, together with hence the criterion fourth dimension is fixed based on the sense of the work-study engineer.

The benefits or advantages of analytical estimating technique:

1. It helps inwards planning together with scheduling the production activities.
2. It provides a footing for fixing labor charge per unit of measurement for non-repetitive jobs.
3. It is economical because it uses criterion information for fixing the criterion fourth dimension of each job.

One disadvantage or limitation of analytical estimating method:

1. When standard-data is non available for a job, together with hence the criterion fourth dimension is fixed past times the work-study engineer. He uses his sense together with sentence for estimating the standard-time. This is non accurate compared to a scientific fourth dimension study.

So, these are unlike techniques of move measurement.